Location of Pakistan, Latitude & Longitude, Neighboring Countries
1. Pakistan is located in which continent?
- A) Europe
- B) Africa
- C) Asia
- D) Australia
Answer: C) Asia
2. Pakistan lies in which region of Asia?
- A) East Asia
- B) Central Asia
- C) South Asia
- D) West Asia
Answer: C) South Asia
3. The total area of Pakistan is approximately:
- A) 696,000 sq km
- B) 796,096 sq km
- C) 896,096 sq km
- D) 996,096 sq km
Answer: B) 796,096 sq km
4. Pakistan came into existence on:
- A) 23 March 1940
- B) 14 August 1947
- C) 15 August 1947
- D) 25 December 1947
Answer: B) 14 August 1947
5. Pakistan is situated between which latitudes?
- A) 20°N to 30°N
- B) 24°N to 37°N
- C) 30°N to 40°N
- D) 15°N to 25°N
Answer: B) 24°N to 37°N
6. Pakistan is situated between which longitudes?
- A) 50°E to 60°E
- B) 61°E to 75°E
- C) 70°E to 90°E
- D) 80°E to 95°E
Answer: B) 61°E to 75°E
7. The geographical location of Pakistan is important because it:
- A) Connects Europe with Australia
- B) Links South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East
- C) Is isolated from Asia
- D) Has no sea access
Answer: B) Links South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East
8. Which sea lies to the south of Pakistan?
- A) Red Sea
- B) Arabian Sea
- C) Caspian Sea
- D) Black Sea
Answer: B) Arabian Sea
9. Pakistan shares its longest border with:
- A) China
- B) Iran
- C) Afghanistan
- D) India
Answer: D) India
10. Pakistan shares a border with China in the:
- A) South
- B) East
- C) North-East
- D) West
Answer: C) North-East
11. Which country lies to the west of Pakistan?
- A) China
- B) India
- C) Iran
- D) Nepal
Answer: C) Iran
12. Which country lies to the east of Pakistan?
- A) Iran
- B) Afghanistan
- C) India
- D) China
Answer: C) India
13. Which country lies to the north-west of Pakistan?
- A) China
- B) Afghanistan
- C) India
- D) Bangladesh
Answer: B) Afghanistan
14. Pakistan shares borders with how many countries?
- A) 3
- B) 4
- C) 5
- D) 6
Answer: B) 4
15. Which of the following countries does NOT border Pakistan?
- A) Iran
- B) China
- C) Nepal
- D) Afghanistan
Answer: C) Nepal
16. The border between Pakistan and Afghanistan is called:
- A) Radcliffe Line
- B) Durand Line
- C) McMahon Line
- D) Line of Control
Answer: B) Durand Line
17. The border between Pakistan and India is called:
- A) Durand Line
- B) Goldsmith Line
- C) Radcliffe Line
- D) LOC
Answer: C) Radcliffe Line
18. The border between Pakistan and Iran is known as:
- A) Durand Line
- B) Goldsmith Line
- C) Radcliffe Line
- D) LOC
Answer: B) Goldsmith Line
19. The Line of Control (LOC) separates Pakistan from:
- A) Afghanistan
- B) China
- C) India in Kashmir
- D) Iran
Answer: C) India in Kashmir
20. Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea of approximately:
- A) 500 km
- B) 750 km
- C) 1,050 km
- D) 1,500 km
Answer: C) 1,050 km
21. Which Pakistani province has the longest coastline?
- A) Punjab
- B) Sindh
- C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- D) Balochistan
Answer: D) Balochistan
22. Pakistan’s strategic location is important mainly for:
- A) Tourism only
- B) International trade and connectivity
- C) Farming only
- D) Isolation from other countries
Answer: B) International trade and connectivity
23. The capital city of Pakistan is:
- A) Karachi
- B) Lahore
- C) Islamabad
- D) Peshawar
Answer: C) Islamabad
24. Which pass connects Pakistan with China?
- A) Khyber Pass
- B) Bolan Pass
- C) Khunjerab Pass
- D) Lowari Pass
Answer: C) Khunjerab Pass
25. Pakistan acts as a gateway to Central Asia because of its:
- A) Forests
- B) Geographical location
- C) Population
- D) Climate
Answer: B) Geographical location
26. Which Pakistani city is known as the “Gateway to Pakistan”?
- A) Lahore
- B) Karachi
- C) Peshawar
- D) Quetta
Answer: B) Karachi
27. Pakistan’s standard time is based on:
- A) Greenwich Mean Time
- B) UTC +3
- C) UTC +5
- D) UTC +7
Answer: C) UTC +5
28. Which direction of Pakistan is connected with the Arabian Sea?
- A) North
- B) South
- C) East
- D) West
Answer: B) South
29. Pakistan is strategically important because it connects:
- A) Europe and America
- B) South Asia with Central Asia and the Middle East
- C) Africa with Europe
- D) Australia with Asia
Answer: B) South Asia with Central Asia and the Middle East
30. The Wakhan Corridor separates Pakistan from:
- A) India
- B) Iran
- C) Tajikistan
- D) Afghanistan
Answer: C) Tajikistan
Climate of Pakistan
– Important MCQs (Latest Data 2025–2026)
1. Pakistan lies in which climatic zone?
- A) Polar
- B) Tropical to Temperate
- C) Mediterranean
- D) Arctic
Answer: B) Tropical to Temperate
2. The climate of Pakistan is generally:
- A) Cold and humid
- B) Hot and dry
- C) Extremely snowy
- D) Rainy throughout the year
Answer: B) Hot and dry
3. Which factor mainly influences the climate of Pakistan?
- A) Latitude
- B) Altitude
- C) Distance from sea
- D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
4. Pakistan receives most of its rainfall from:
- A) Monsoon winds
- B) Cyclones
- C) Volcanoes
- D) Ocean currents
Answer: A) Monsoon winds
5. The monsoon season in Pakistan usually occurs during:
- A) December–February
- B) March–May
- C) June–September
- D) October–November
Answer: C) June–September
6. Which province receives the highest monsoon rainfall?
- A) Sindh
- B) Punjab
- C) Balochistan
- D) Gilgit-Baltistan
Answer: B) Punjab
7. Which area of Pakistan receives the least rainfall?
- A) Murree
- B) Karachi
- C) Chitral
- D) Balochistan Plateau
Answer: D) Balochistan Plateau
8. Which city is famous for receiving the highest rainfall in Pakistan?
- A) Lahore
- B) Karachi
- C) Murree
- D) Islamabad
Answer: C) Murree
9. Which desert is the hottest region of Pakistan?
- A) Cholistan
- B) Thar
- C) Thal
- D) Kharan
Answer: B) Thar
10. The hottest place in Pakistan is usually:
- A) Murree
- B) Skardu
- C) Jacobabad
- D) Gilgit
Answer: C) Jacobabad
11. Which region of Pakistan experiences snowfall in winter?
- A) Sindh
- B) Southern Punjab
- C) Northern Areas
- D) Thar Desert
Answer: C) Northern Areas
12. Western depressions bring rainfall to Pakistan during:
- A) Summer
- B) Winter
- C) Spring
- D) Autumn
Answer: B) Winter
13. Pakistan’s winter rainfall is mainly caused by:
- A) Monsoon winds
- B) Western disturbances
- C) Cyclones
- D) Sea breeze
Answer: B) Western disturbances
14. Which province receives the lowest annual rainfall?
- A) Punjab
- B) Sindh
- C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- D) Balochistan
Answer: D) Balochistan
15. Climate change is causing increased:
- A) Floods and droughts
- B) Snowfall only
- C) Forest growth only
- D) Earthquakes only
Answer: A) Floods and droughts
16. Pakistan is considered highly vulnerable to:
- A) Volcanoes
- B) Climate change
- C) Tsunami only
- D) Tornadoes only
Answer: B) Climate change
17. Which greenhouse gas contributes most to global warming?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Nitrogen
- C) Carbon dioxide
- D) Helium
Answer: C) Carbon dioxide
18. Which Pakistani city experiences a moderate climate due to the sea?
- A) Quetta
- B) Lahore
- C) Karachi
- D) Faisalabad
Answer: C) Karachi
19. Which season is the shortest in Pakistan?
- A) Winter
- B) Summer
- C) Spring
- D) Autumn
Answer: D) Autumn
20. Pakistan experienced above-average monsoon rainfall in 2025 by approximately:
- A) 5%
- B) 10%
- C) 23%
- D) 40%
Answer: C) 23%
21. The national mean temperature during Monsoon 2025 was:
- A) 25.2°C
- B) 27.8°C
- C) 30.39°C
- D) 35.7°C
Answer: C) 30.39°C
22. Monsoon 2025 in Pakistan was approximately how much warmer than average?
- A) 0.2°C
- B) 0.5°C
- C) 1.5°C
- D) 2.5°C
Answer: B) 0.5°C (Climate Data Processing Centre)
23. The hottest recorded day during Monsoon 2025 was observed at:
- A) Karachi
- B) Lahore
- C) Chilas
- D) Quetta
Answer: C) Chilas (Climate Data Processing Centre)
24. Chilas recorded what maximum temperature during July 2025?
- A) 42.5°C
- B) 44.0°C
- C) 48.5°C
- D) 50.5°C
Answer: C) 48.5°C (Climate Data Processing Centre)
25. The heaviest one-day rainfall during Monsoon 2025 occurred in:
- A) Karachi
- B) Sialkot Cantt
- C) Islamabad
- D) Murree
Answer: B) Sialkot Cantt (Climate Data Processing Centre)
26. Sialkot Cantt recorded approximately how much rainfall on 27 August 2025?
- A) 150 mm
- B) 220 mm
- C) 363.5 mm
- D) 500 mm
Answer: C) 363.5 mm (Climate Data Processing Centre)
27. Pakistan witnessed slightly below-average winter rainfall in Jan–Mar 2026 by:
- A) -5%
- B) -12%
- C) -22%
- D) -40%
Answer: B) -12% (Weather Government of Pakistan)
28. Which province recorded largely above-average rainfall in March 2026?
- A) Punjab
- B) Sindh
- C) KP
- D) GB
Answer: B) Sindh (Weather Government of Pakistan)
29. Karachi recently experienced extreme heat reaching approximately:
- A) 38°C
- B) 40°C
- C) 44.1°C
- D) 50°C
Answer: C) 44.1°C (The Guardian)
30. According to climate experts, climate change has made extreme heat events in Pakistan:
- A) Less frequent
- B) Three times more likely
- C) Impossible
- D) Seasonal only
Answer: B) Three times more likely (The Guardian)
Which sector contributes heavily to air pollution in Pakistan?
- A) Transport sector
- B) Fisheries
- C) Tourism
- D) Sports
Answer: A) Transport sector
7. Smog in Pakistan mainly affects:
- A) Northern Areas only
- B) Coastal areas only
- C) Punjab, especially Lahore
- D) Balochistan deserts only
Answer: C) Punjab, especially Lahore
8. The major cause of smog in Punjab is:
- A) Snowfall
- B) Crop burning and vehicle emissions
- C) Floods
- D) Volcanoes
Answer: B) Crop burning and vehicle emissions
9. Deforestation means:
- A) Growing forests
- B) Cutting down forests
- C) Building dams
- D) Soil conservation
Answer: B) Cutting down forests
10. The “Billion Tree Tsunami” project was launched in:
- A) Sindh
- B) Punjab
- C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- D) Balochistan
Answer: C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
11. Which natural disaster badly affected Pakistan in 2022 and continued environmental impacts afterward?
- A) Tsunami
- B) Floods
- C) Volcano eruption
- D) Cyclone only
Answer: B) Floods
12. Floods in Pakistan are mainly caused by:
- A) Monsoon rains and glacier melting
- B) Earthquakes only
- C) Sandstorms
- D) Forest growth
Answer: A) Monsoon rains and glacier melting
13. Pakistan has the largest number of glaciers outside:
- A) Europe
- B) Polar regions
- C) Africa
- D) Australia
Answer: B) Polar regions
14. Glacier melting increases the risk of:
- A) Drought only
- B) GLOFs (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods)
- C) Volcanoes
- D) Cyclones only
Answer: B) GLOFs (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods)
15. Water scarcity in Pakistan is mainly due to:
- A) Excess rainfall
- B) Poor water management and climate change
- C) Snowfall only
- D) Forests
Answer: B) Poor water management and climate change
16. Which river system is the lifeline of Pakistan?
- A) Nile River System
- B) Amazon River System
- C) Indus River System
- D) Yangtze River System
Answer: C) Indus River System
17. Which city of Pakistan faces severe water shortage issues?
- A) Skardu
- B) Karachi
- C) Murree
- D) Chitral
Answer: B) Karachi
18. Desertification means:
- A) Forest expansion
- B) Fertile land turning into desert
- C) Glacier melting
- D) Sea pollution
Answer: B) Fertile land turning into desert
19. Which province is highly affected by desertification?
- A) Punjab
- B) Sindh
- C) KPK
- D) Gilgit-Baltistan
Answer: B) Sindh
20. Acid rain is mainly caused by:
- A) Carbon dioxide
- B) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
- C) Oxygen
- D) Hydrogen
Answer: B) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
21. Which international climate agreement aims to limit global warming?
- A) Geneva Agreement
- B) Paris Agreement
- C) Tashkent Agreement
- D) Warsaw Pact
Answer: B) Paris Agreement
22. Pakistan is promoting renewable energy such as:
- A) Wind and solar energy
- B) Coal only
- C) Diesel only
- D) Wood only
Answer: A) Wind and solar energy
23. Jhimpir in Sindh is famous for:
- A) Oil reserves
- B) Wind energy projects
- C) Salt mines
- D) Forests
Answer: B) Wind energy projects
24. The major source of water pollution in Pakistan is:
- A) Industrial and sewage waste
- B) Snowfall
- C) Forests
- D) Mountains
Answer: A) Industrial and sewage waste
25. Noise pollution is highest in:
- A) Remote villages
- B) Urban areas
- C) Forests
- D) Glaciers
Answer: B) Urban areas
26. Which environmental issue increases respiratory diseases?
- A) Soil erosion
- B) Smog and air pollution
- C) Floods
- D) Earthquakes
Answer: B) Smog and air pollution
27. Pakistan observed severe heatwaves in recent years mainly due to:
- A) Climate change
- B) Snowfall
- C) Ocean currents only
- D) Forest increase
Answer: A) Climate change
28. Which city recently recorded temperatures above 44°C during extreme heat events?
- A) Murree
- B) Karachi
- C) Skardu
- D) Abbottabad
Answer: B) Karachi
29. Environmental degradation negatively affects:
- A) Agriculture
- B) Human health
- C) Economy
- D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
30. Sustainable development means:
- A) Development without caring for future generations
- B) Balanced use of resources while protecting the environment
- C) Using all natural resources quickly
- D) Industrial growth only
Answer: B) Balanced use of resources while protecting the environment
31. Which organization in Pakistan deals with environmental protection?
- A) FIA
- B) NEPRA
- C) Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA)
- D) OGRA
Answer: C) Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA)
32. Which province is most affected by coastal erosion?
- A) Punjab
- B) Sindh
- C) KPK
- D) Gilgit-Baltistan
Answer: B) Sindh
33. Mangrove forests in Pakistan are mainly found near:
- A) Lahore
- B) Karachi coastal areas
- C) Murree
- D) Chitral
Answer: B) Karachi coastal areas
34. Mangrove forests help in:
- A) Increasing desertification
- B) Protecting coastal areas
- C) Melting glaciers
- D) Air pollution
Answer: B) Protecting coastal areas
35. The main purpose of afforestation is to:
- A) Cut forests
- B) Increase tree cover
- C) Increase pollution
- D) Expand deserts
Answer: B) Increase tree cover
Part 1: Rivers & Geography
1. The Kabul River is located in which province of Pakistan?
A. Punjab
B. Sindh
C. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
D. Balochistan
2. Which river is also known by the name “Chitral River”?
A. Swat River
B. Kunar River
C. Kurram River
D. Gomal River
3. How many rivers are found in the city of Muzaffarabad?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
4. What is the term used for the fertile land area immediately surrounding a river?
A. Doab
B. Bela
C. Bar
D. Delta
5. At which point do all the rivers of Punjab enter the Indus River?
A. Mithankot
B. Kot Mithan
C. Panjnad
D. Taunsa
Part 2: The Indus Waters Treaty & Irrigation
6. Which international organization mediated the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan?
A. United Nations
B. International Monetary Fund
C. World Bank
D. Asian Development Bank
7. Under the Indus Waters Treaty, which set of rivers was given to India?
A. Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab
B. Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej
C. Ravi, Jhelum, and Chenab
D. Beas, Sutlej, and Indus
8. In which year did the Government of Pakistan establish the Indus River System Authority (IRSA)?
A. 1960
B. 1970
C. 1991
D. 1999
9. Which is the oldest Barrage constructed on the Indus River?
A. Guddu Barrage
B. Sukkur Barrage
C. Kotri Barrage
D. Taunsa Barrage
10. What is the total approximate length of irrigation canals in Pakistan?
A. 50,000 km
B. 64,000 km
C. 72,000 km
D. 100,000 km
Part 3: Headworks & Canals
11. On which river is the Balloki Headworks constructed?
A. Ravi
B. Chenab
C. Jhelum
D. Sutlej
12. The Marala Headworks is located on which river?
A. Indus
B. Jhelum
C. Chenab
D. Ravi
13. How many headworks have been constructed on the Sutlej River?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
14. From where does the Upper Chenab Canal take off?
A. Head Qadirabad
B. Head Marala
C. Head Khanki
D. Head Trimmu
Part 4: Doabs of Pakistan
15. What is the definition of a “Doab”?
A. A land surrounded by water on three sides
B. The land area between two rivers
C. A mountain pass
D. A river delta
16. The land between the Ravi River and the Chenab River is known as:
A. Chaj Doab
B. Bari Doab
C. Rachna Doab
D. Sindh Sagar Doab
17. Which Doab is located between the Indus and Jhelum rivers?
A. Bari Doab
B. Rechna Doab
C. Chaj Doab
D. Sindh Sagar Doab
18. The Kirana Bar is a portion of which Doab?
A. Bari Doab
B. Rachna Doab
C. Chaj Doab
D. Sindh Sagar Doab
19. Approximate area of Rachna Doab:
→ ~2.8 million hectares
🌊 Major Canals & Origins
- The Upper Chenab Canal originates from the Chenab River at Marala and joins the Ravi River near Balloki to supplement which canal system?
→ Lower Bari Doab
- The Lower Chenab Canal starts from:
→ Khanki Headworks
- The Haveli Canal system originates from Trimmu Weir, located below the confluence of which rivers?
→ Chenab River and Jhelum River
- The Upper Bari Doab Canal originates from:
→ Madhopur Headworks
- Which canal originates in India and has a branch that enters Pakistan?
→ Upper Bari Doab Canal
- The Lower Bari Doab Canal starts from:
→ Balloki Headworks
- The Lower Bari Doab Canal draws water from which river?
→ Ravi River
Barrages & Canal Links
- Sidhnai Canals originate from the left bank of the Ravi at:
→ Sidhnai Barrage
- Trimmu–Sidhnai Link Canal carries water from Trimmu Barrage to which river?
→ Ravi River
- Marala Barrage is constructed on which river?
→ Chenab River
- In the Sutlej Valley Project, canals originate from points including Gandasinghwala, Sulaimanke, and Islam Headworks, and below the confluence of Sutlej and Chenab at:
→ Panjnad
- The Abazai Canal (Lower Swat Canal) originates from:
→ Swat River
- The Lower Swat Canal off-takes from the Swat River at:
→ Abazai
- The Upper Swat Canal originates from:
→ Malakand
🌊 Largest Lakes (Global & Continental)
- Which is the world’s largest freshwater lake by surface area?
→ Lake Superior
- Where is Lake Superior located?
→ Between United States and Canada
- Which is the largest lake in Asia?
→ Caspian Sea
- Largest lake in Europe:
→ Lake Ladoga
- Largest lake in North America:
→ Lake Superior
- Largest lake in South America:
→ Lake Titicaca
👉 Largest by area = Lake Maracaibo
👉 Titicaca = largest freshwater lake
- Largest lake in Africa:
→ Lake Victoria
- Largest lake in Australia:
→ Lake Eyre
- Largest lake in Antarctica:
→ Lake Vostok
Important Lakes of Pakistan
Natural & Artificial Lakes of Pakistan
| Lake | Location | Important Facts |
|---|---|---|
| Manchar Lake | Dadu & Jamshoro, Sindh | Largest natural freshwater lake of Pakistan and one of the largest in South Asia. |
| Keenjhar Lake (Kalri Lake) | Thatta, Sindh | Largest man-made freshwater lake in Pakistan; major source of drinking water for Karachi and Thatta. |
| Lulusar Lake | Kaghan Valley, KPK | Source of the Kunhar River; famous alpine lake. |
| Lake Saif-ul-Malook | Kaghan Valley, KPK | One of Pakistan’s most beautiful alpine lakes; associated with local folklore. |
| Phander Lake | Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan | Famous for trout fishing and crystal-clear water. |
| Attabad Lake | Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan | Formed in 2010 due to a massive landslide. |
| Mahodand Lake | Kalam, Swat, KPK | Known as the “Lake of Fishes” because of abundant trout. |
| Satpara Lake | Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan | Supplies water to Skardu Valley; Satpara Dam built here. |
| Upper Kachura Lake | Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan | Deep blue glacial lake. |
| Lower Kachura Lake (Shangrila Lake) | Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan | Famous for Shangrila Resort. |
| Karambar Lake (Qurumbar) | GB-KPK Border | Second-highest lake in Pakistan; among the highest biologically active lakes in the world. |
| Hanna Lake | Quetta, Balochistan | Historic reservoir near Urak Valley. |
| Hamun-i-Mashkel | Balochistan | Seasonal salt lake near the Pakistan-Iran border. |
| Hamun-e-Lora | Balochistan | Seasonal salt lake/playa basin. |
| Hub Lake | Sindh-Balochistan Border | Large artificial reservoir supplying water to Karachi. |
| Haleji Lake | Thatta, Sindh | Famous bird sanctuary; called the “Paradise of Birds.” |
| Kallar Kahar Lake | Chakwal, Punjab | Saltwater lake located in the Salt Range. |
| Rawal Lake | Islamabad | Artificial reservoir on Korang River; major water source for Islamabad. |
| Lotus Lake | Shakarparian, Islamabad | Small ornamental lake. |
Additional Lakes Important for Competitive Exams
| Lake | Location | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Rush Lake | Nagar, Gilgit-Baltistan | Highest lake in Pakistan and among the highest alpine lakes in the world. |
| Sheosar Lake | Deosai Plains, Gilgit-Baltistan | One of the highest lakes in Pakistan; located in Deosai National Park. |
| Banjosa Lake | Poonch, AJK | Artificial lake and major tourist attraction. |
| Ratti Gali Lake | Neelum Valley, AJK | Famous glacial lake. |
| Dudipatsar Lake | Kaghan Valley, KPK | Called the “Queen of Lakes.” |
| Ansoo Lake | Kaghan Valley, KPK | Tear-shaped lake; famous tourist attraction. |
| Shangrila Lake | Skardu | Another name commonly used for Lower Kachura Lake. |
| Uchhali Lake | Khushab, Punjab | Saltwater lake in the Salt Range. |
| Namal Lake | Mianwali, Punjab | Artificial lake near Namal Valley. |
| Kund Malir Lagoon | Balochistan Coast | Coastal lagoon of geographical importance. |
Lakes Outside Pakistan
| Lake | Location |
|---|---|
| Wular Lake | Jammu & Kashmir (Indian-administered) |
| Dal Lake | Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir (Indian-administered) |
Exam Trap: Wular Lake and Dal Lake are often mistakenly included among Pakistani lakes, but they are located in Indian-administered Jammu & Kashmir.
Most Important One-Liner MCQs
Frequently Asked
- Largest natural freshwater lake of Pakistan?
- Manchar Lake
- Largest man-made freshwater lake of Pakistan?
- Keenjhar (Kalri) Lake
- Highest lake of Pakistan?
- Rush Lake
- Second-highest lake of Pakistan?
- Karambar Lake
- Lake formed by a landslide in 2010?
- Attabad Lake
- Lake known as the “Paradise of Birds”?
- Haleji Lake
- Lake known as the “Lake of Fishes”?
- Mahodand Lake
- Source of Kunhar River?
- Lulusar Lake
- Lake associated with Prince Saif-ul-Malook folklore?
- Saif-ul-Malook Lake
- Artificial lake supplying water to Islamabad?
- Rawal Lake
- Artificial lake supplying water to Karachi?
- Hub Lake
- Lake located in Deosai National Park?
- Sheosar Lake
- Saltwater lake in Chakwal’s Salt Range?
- Kallar Kahar Lake
- Lake famous for Shangrila Resort?
- Lower Kachura Lake
- Largest lake of Pakistan by area (natural freshwater)?
- Manchar Lake
- Most polluted lake in the world:
→ Lake Karachay
- World’s largest lake island:
→ Manitoulin Island
- Deepest lake in the world:
→ Lake Baikal
- Saltiest lake in the world:
→ Dead Sea
👉 But technically some smaller lakes are saltier
- Largest man-made lake (by volume):
→ Lake Kariba
- Which city is known as the “City of Canals”?
→ Venice
- Which country is called the “Land of Thousand Lakes”?
→ Finland
- Largest permanent desert lake & largest alkaline lake:
→ Lake Turkana
| Feature | Deosai | Pothohar | Balochistan |
| Location | Skardu (GB) | Northern Punjab | Balochistan Province |
| Main Rivers | – | Soan, Haro | – |
| Key Minerals | – | Salt, Gypsum, Oil | Various |
| Status | 2nd Highest in World | Agricultural/Industrial | Mineral/Strategic |
| Bordered by | Himalayan/Karakoram | Salt Range (South) | Sulaiman Range (East) |
Part 1: General Desert Geography of Pakistan
1. Which province of Pakistan is considered a “Desert Free Area” with no deserts?
A. Sindh
B. Punjab
C. Balochistan
D. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)
2. How many major deserts are found in Pakistan?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
3. Deserts in Pakistan are characterized by an annual rainfall rate of:
A. Less than 254 mm
B. Exactly 500 mm
C. Between 500 mm and 1000 mm
D. More than 1000 mm
Part 2: The Thar Desert (The Great Indian Desert)
4. Which is the largest desert in Pakistan and also serves as its National Desert?
A. Thal Desert
B. Cholistan Desert
C. Thar Desert
D. Kharan Desert
5. What percentage of the Thar Desert’s total area is located within Pakistan?
A. 15%
B. 30%
C. 50%
D. 85%
6. The Thar Desert is uniquely recognized globally as the:
A. Hottest desert in the world
B. Driest desert in the world
C. Only fertile desert in the world
D. Only cold desert in the world
7. By land area, where does the Thar Desert rank among the largest deserts in the world?
A. 5th
B. 10th
C. 18th
D. 25th
8. In terms of size within Asia, the Thar Desert is the:
A. Largest
B. 2nd Largest
C. 3rd Largest
D. 5th Largest
Part 3: Specific Locations & Features
9. In which districts of Sindh have the largest coal deposits been discovered?
A. Sukkur and Larkana
B. Diplo and Tharparkar
C. Karachi and Hyderabad
D. Badin and Thatta
10. The “White Desert” or “Achro Thar” is situated in which districts of Sindh?
A. Tharparkar and Umerkot
B. Jacobabad and Kashmore
C. Sanghar and Khairpur Mirs
D. Ghotki and Shikarpur
11. The southern border area of the Khairpur district in Sindh is locally known as:
A. Thal Desert
B. Katpana Desert
C. Nara Desert
D. Cholistan Desert
12. The Thar Desert is situated in a transitional zone between which two major river systems?
A. Jhelum in the West and Chenab in the East
B. Indus in the West and Ganga in the East
C. Ravi in the West and Beas in the East
D. Kabul in the West and Indus in the East
13. Which of the following describes the geographical distribution of the Thar Desert?
A. Entirely in Sindh, Pakistan
B. Only in Rajasthan, India
C. Partly in Rajasthan (India) and partly in Punjab and Sindh (Pakistan)
D. Divided equally between Balochistan and Afghanistan
Summary of Major Deserts in Pakistan
- Thar: Sindh (Largest/National Desert)
- Thal: Punjab (Between Indus and Jhelum)
- Cholistan: Punjab (locally known as Rohi)
- Kharan: Balochistan (Sandy desert)
- Katpana: Gilgit-Baltistan (Cold desert/Skardu)
| Feature | Siachen Glacier | Batura Glacier |
| Status | Largest in Pakistan | 2nd Largest in Pakistan |
| Range | Eastern Karakoram | Western Karakoram |
| Length | 76 km | 64.5 km |
| Location | Ghanche District | Gojal (Hunza Valley) |
| Meaning | Wild Rose (Abundance of roses) | — |
Part 1: International Border Passes
1. Which historic pass connects Peshawar (Pakistan) with Kabul (Afghanistan)?
A. Gomal Pass
B. Khyber Pass
C. Tochi Pass
D. Bolan Pass
2. Which pass connects Hunza Nagar (Gilgit-Baltistan) with Xinjiang (China)?
A. Shandur Pass
B. Khunjerab Pass
C. Darkot Pass
D. Babusar Pass
3. The Khojak Pass, also known as the “Friend Gate,” connects Chaman (Pakistan) with which city?
A. Ghazni
B. Kabul
C. Kandahar
D. Wakhan
4. Which pass connects Bannu in Pakistan with Ghazni in Afghanistan?
A. Peiwar Pass
B. Bolan Pass
C. Tochi Pass
D. Gomal Pass
5. The Wakhan Corridor is located on which side of Pakistan?
A. North
B. South
C. East
D. West
Part 2: Internal Regional Passes
6. Which pass connects Dir with Chitral?
A. Badawi Pass
B. Malakand Pass
C. Lawari Pass
D. Shandur Pass
7. Which pass is famous for connecting Chitral with Gilgit?
A. Lowari Pass
B. Shandur Pass
C. Babusar Pass
D. Darkot Pass
8. Abbottabad and Gilgit are connected through which high mountain pass?
A. Khyber Pass
B. Khunjerab Pass
C. Babusar Pass
D. Malakand Pass
9. The Upper Swat and Lower Swat regions are connected by which pass?
A. Shangla Pass
B. Dargai Pass
C. Malakand Pass
D. Badawi Pass
10. Which pass connects Mardan with Malakand?
A. Lawari Pass
B. Shandur Pass
C. Dargai Pass
D. Tochi Pass
Part 3: Mountain Ranges & Locations
11. The Khyber Pass is situated within which mountain range?
A. Karakoram Range
B. Himalayan Range
C. Koh-e-Safed (White Mountains)
D. Hindu Kush Range
12. In which province of Pakistan is the city of Chitral located?
A. Punjab
B. Gilgit-Baltistan
C. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)
D. Sindh
13. The Bolan Pass connects Sibi with Quetta and is located in which range?
A. Waziristan Range
B. Northern Kirthar Range
C. Toba Achakzai Mountains
D. Salt Range
14. What is the approximate height of the Khyber Pass near Landi Kotal?
A. 381 m
B. 1070 m
C. 2000 m
D. 3100 m
15. Which pass connects Chitral with the Nooristan province of Afghanistan?
A. Khan Kun Pass
B. Dorah Pass
C. Darkot Pass
D. Gomal Pass
Part 1: General Records & Statistics
1. Approximately how many dams are located in Pakistan?
A. 50
B. 100
C. 150
D. 250
2. Which is the largest dam in Pakistan and the largest earth-filled dam in the world?
A. Mangla Dam
B. Warsak Dam
C. Tarbela Dam
D. Hub Dam
3. Which is the oldest and smallest major dam in Pakistan?
A. Rawal Dam
B. Warsak Dam
C. Mirani Dam
D. Sabakzai Dam
4. Which dam is situated at the highest altitude in Pakistan?
A. Gomal Zam Dam
B. Diamer-Bhasha Dam
C. Mohmand Dam
D. Satpara Dam
Part 2: Tarbela Dam Specifics
5. Tarbela Dam is constructed over which river?
A. Jhelum River
B. Chenab River
C. Indus River
D. Kabul River
6. In which year was the construction of the Tarbela Dam completed?
A. 1960
B. 1967
C. 1976
D. 1991
7. Where is the Tarbela Dam geographically located?
A. Mirpur, Azad Kashmir
B. Haripur Hazara, KPK
C. Mianwali, Punjab
D. Lasbela, Balochistan
8. What is the total installed generation capacity of the Tarbela Dam?
A. 1000 MW
B. 2400 MW
C. 4888 MW
D. 6200 MW
Part 3: Rivers & Dam Locations
9. The Mangla Dam is built on which river in Azad Kashmir?
A. Jhelum River
B. Neelum River
C. Kunhar River
D. Poonch River
10. Which dam is located on the Soan River near Rawalpindi/Islamabad?
A. Rawal Dam
B. Khanpur Dam
C. Simly Dam
D. Hub Dam
11. The Mirani Dam is located on the Dasht River in which district?
A. Quetta
B. Kech (Balochistan)
C. Gawadar
D. Sibi
12. On which river is the Hub Dam constructed?
A. Malir River
B. Lyari River
C. Hub River
D. Porali River
13. The Khanpur Dam is built on the Haro River in which province?
A. Punjab
B. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)
C. Sindh
D. Balochistan
Quick Reference Checklist
- Tarbela Dam: Indus River (KPK) | Largest earth-filled dam.
- Mangla Dam: Jhelum River (AJK) | 2nd largest in Pakistan.
- Warsak Dam: Kabul River (KPK) | Oldest major dam.
- Rawal Dam: Korang River (Islamabad).
- Hub Dam: Hub River (Balochistan/Sindh Border).
Basic Motorway Facts
- When was the motorway system first initiated in Pakistan?
→ 1990s (project launched under Nawaz Sharif, early 1990s)
- When was the first motorway project completed?
→ 1997 (M-2 operational)
- When was the National Highways and Motorway Police established?
→ 1997
- Who is the current IG of National Highways & Motorway Police?
→ Changes over time
- The National Highway Authority network consists of approximately:
→ 39+ highways & motorways
⚠️ Approximate (changes with new projects)
- Which is the longest motorway in Pakistan?
→ M-8 Motorway
- Which is the longest highway in the world?
→ Trans-Canada Highway (~7,821 km)
- Which highway is known as the “King’s Highway”?
→ Ontario Highway 401
- Which is the famous high mountain highway in India?
→ Leh–Manali Highway
- Total length of Karachi–Lahore Motorway (M-9 + M-5 + M-4 + M-3 + M-2):
→ ~1,152 km
- First operational motorway in Pakistan:
→ M-2 Motorway
- M-1 Motorway connects:
→ Peshawar to Islamabad - Length of M-1 Motorway:
→ ~155 km
- M-2 Motorway connects:
→ Islamabad to Lahore - Length of M-2 Motorway:
→ ~375 km
- M-3 Motorway connects:
→ Lahore to Abdul Hakeem - Length of M-3 Motorway:
→ ~230 km